A recent study found that microplastics, which are plastic particles smaller than 5 mm, can block blood flow to the brains of mice. This raises concerns about their potential impact on brain health.
Microplastics
- Microplastics are tiny pieces of plastic found in the environment.
- They are produced by the breakdown and disintegration of larger plastic objects, as well as the direct release of smaller plastic particles, often intentionally added to consumer products such as cosmetics and cleaning agents.
- It is named to distinguish it from “macroplastics”, such as plastic bottles and bags.
- Determining the size: There is no universal agreement on what size microplastics should be, but the US NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) and the European Chemical Agency define it as a particle smaller than 5 mm.
Research and its findings
A recent study has shown the effects of microplastics on the brain
- Experimental method: Rats were fed small pieces of fluorescent polystyrene (a common plastic) and the flow of these particles in their brains was studied.
- Microplastics in the brain: Imaging techniques revealed microplastics in the cerebral cortex of the brain, which is related to awareness, memory, and movement.
- Blockage of blood vessels: The microplastics caused a blockage in blood vessels, which stopped blood flow to the brain.
- Neuro-behavioral effects: Cognitive impairment and depression-like symptoms were observed in the rats.
- Weight loss: Rats experienced weight loss, which may be due to reduced movement and changes in eating behavior.
- Long-term effects: Microplastics were not eliminated from the body for up to a week, indicating a lasting effect.
Effects on humans
- Warning: Researchers recommend not applying these results directly to humans, as the blood vessels in humans and mice differ.
- For example, human coronary arteries are about 4 mm wide, while mice have blood vessels that are less than 100 micrometers, which could lead to differences in the effect of blockage.
Significance
- Studies of microplastics have shown that they can have long-term effects on our environment and health. Its effects on the brain and obstruction of blood flow are health concerns.
- Given the need for studies on human health, further research on ways to prevent it is needed.