Recent research has revealed the genus Coima, a new group of freshwater fish that is endemic to the island. The discovery highlights the rich biodiversity of the region and the need for further taxonomic studies. The research was carried out by a team from the Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies and the Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence. Their findings were published in the journal Zootaxa.
Significance of the name “Koima”
Inspired by local language
- The name “Koima” is derived from the Malayalam language, in which it means loaches.
- The name pays tribute to the local culture and knowledge.
- The discovery appeals to better understand and preserve the aquatic biodiversity of the Western Ghats.
Features of Koima
Unique colour
- The body of Koima is yellowish-brown in colour.
- It has a row of black spots on its lateral line.
- Its fins are transparent (hyaline) and there are no permanent stripes on its back.
- These features make it different from other fishes of the Nemacheilidae family.
Importance of Western Ghats
Centre of biodiversity
- The Western Ghats are considered a biodiversity hotspot, where many endemic species are found.
- Freshwater fishes in particular are an important part of the biodiversity of this region.
- The discovery of “Koima” shows that the aquatic life of this region needs to be understood and preserved in greater depth.
Need for taxonomic reconsideration
Reevaluation of species
- The researchers said that taxonomic revision is extremely important for the correct identification of many freshwater fishes.
- Small species and their body variations are often ignored.
- Correct identification of species like Nemacheilid loaches is important.
Habitat of Koima
Coima ramadevi
- It lives among rocky surfaces in fast-flowing rivers.
- It has been found only in the Kunthi river in Silent Valley National Park so far.
Coima monilis
- It is found in several tributaries of the Cauvery river.
- It lives in various micro-habitats between 350 and 800 metres altitude.
Research procedure
Research methodology
- The researchers collected fish samples from the Kunthi, Bhavani, Moyar, Kabini and Pambar rivers.
- They studied the morphological and genetic traits in detail.